🔷14 - Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors of a 3x3 Matrix

Given that A is a square matrix (nxn),
Ax = kx -------(1), where
A = an nxn matrix (square matrix),
x = eigenvector of A corresponding to k,
k = eigenvalue of A corresponding to x

It is usually asked to find the eigenvalue as well as the eigenvector that satisfy the above equation.
Notice that we are only interested in the solution with x not equal to zero.
from (1), Ax = kx
Ax = kIx ------(2) ,
(A-kI)x = 0 ----(3)

the system will give a non-zero solution if and only if det (A-kI)x = 0 ,
det (A-kI) gives rise to a polynomial called the characteristic polynomial and the equation formed when det (A-kI) = 0 is called the characteristic equation. The solutions to the equation are the eigenvalues....

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