In this video, we discuss second normal form 2nf in data normalization as it is covered on the Information Systems and Controls ISC CPA exam.
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The Second Normal Form (2NF) is a concept from database normalization used to organize data in relational databases. It follows the First Normal Form (1NF) and addresses the criteria for organizing table structures to reduce redundancy and improve data integrity.

Here are the key points about 2NF:

First Normal Form (1NF) Requirement: A table must first be in 1NF. This means that the table has only scalar values (no repeating groups or arrays) and each row/column intersection contains a single value.
Eliminating Partial Dependency: 2NF focuses on eliminating partial dependency; that is, ensuring that all non-primary-key attributes are fully functionally dependent on the primary key. Partial dependency occurs when a column's value depends only on part of a composite primary key, rather than on the whole key.
Application to Composite Primary Keys: 2NF is particularly relevant when a table has a composite primary key (a primary key made up of more than one column). Each non-key attribute should depend on all the columns in the primary key for its existence.
For example, consider a table with a composite key consisting of StudentID and CourseID, and it also includes columns like CourseName and Grade. To satisfy 2NF, CourseName should not be in this table if it only depends on CourseID because it creates a partial dependency. Instead, CourseName should be moved to a separate table where CourseID is the primary key, thus removing the partial dependency and ensuring the table adheres to 2NF.

This normalization step is vital for reducing data redundancy (where the same data is stored in multiple places in the database) and improving the database's efficiency by simplifying the table structures.


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