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Throughout the first half of the 20th century, Neandertals were thought to have been…primitive. Unintelligent, hunched-over cavemen, for lack of a better word. But the discoveries made in that Iraqi cave provided some of the earliest clues that Neanderthals actually behaved -- and likely thought and felt -- a lot like we do.

Thanks to Fabrizio de Rossi (  / artoffabricious  ) and Julio Lacerda (  / juliotheartist  ) for the excellent Neandertal illustrations!

Produced in collaboration with PBS Digital Studios:    / pbsdigitalstudios  

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References: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1W...

Additional Shanidar Cave image by Sammy Six (CC-By): https://flic.kr/p/eXU3m8