Different Flat & Boxer Engine Configurations Explained | Flat-Twin to Flat-16

A flat engine is also a horizontally opposed piston engine with cylinders on either side of a central crankshaft.

Most flat engines use a "boxer" configuration because the movement of the engine's pistons resembles the action of a boxer's fists in the horizontal plane. However, unlike the boxer's fists, which both moves in the same direction, half of the 'Boxer' engine's pistons move in the opposite direction. Boxer engines have low vibrations since they are the only common configuration with no unbalanced forces, regardless of the number of cylinders.

Flat engines have been used in aviation, motorcycle, and automobile applications. They are now less common in cars than straight engines and V engines (for engines with six or more cylinders). They are much more common in aircraft, where straight engines are a rarity, and V engines have almost vanished except in historic aircraft. And They have even replaced radial engines in many smaller installations.

The advantages of flat engines are a short length, low center of mass, and suitability for air cooling.

The most common flat-twin engines are:
Flat-twin engines: A flat-twin engine is a two-cylinder IC engine with the cylinders on opposite sides of the crankshaft, where both cylinders move inwards and outwards simultaneously.

Flat-4 engines: A four-cylinder piston engine with two banks of cylinders lying on opposite sides of a common crankshaft. Most flat-four engines are designed so that each pair of opposing pistons moves inwards and outwards simultaneously. The terms "flat-four" and "boxer-four" are often used synonymously.

Flat-6 engines: It is a six-cylinder piston engine with three cylinders on each side of a central crankshaft, where each pair of opposed cylinders moves inwards and outwards simultaneously.

Flat-8 engines: A flat-eight engine is an eight-cylinder piston engine with two banks of four inline cylinders, one on each side of a central crankshaft.

Flat-10 engines: A flat-ten engine is a ten-cylinder piston engine with five cylinders on each side of a central crankshaft.

Flat-12 engines: A flat-twelve engine is a twelve-cylinder piston engine with six cylinders on each side of a central crankshaft.

Flat-16 engines: A flat-sixteen engine is a sixteen-cylinder piston engine with eight cylinders on each side of a central crankshaft.

--- Time Stamp --
00:00 - Introduction to Flat-Engines
01:43 - Types of Flat-Engines
02:01 - Flat-Twin Engine
04:42 - Flat-Twin Engine in Motorcycles
06:45 - Flat-4 Engine
11:00 - Flat-6 Engine
14:09 - Flat-8 Engine
16:16 - Flat-10 Engine
17:07 - Flat-12 Engine
19:55 - Flat-16 Engine
21:00 - Wrap Up

All images used in this video are under a creative commons license.

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