Switzerland, Norway, and Iceland: three nations with deep European roots that remain outside the European Union, despite their geographical and cultural ties. But why? As we delve into their unique histories and political decisions, we'll uncover the reasons behind their choice to stand apart from their EU counterparts. Furthermore, their membership in the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) adds another layer to this intricate relationship. Join us as we also explore their present-day interactions and agreements with the EU, offering a comprehensive understanding of their positions in the European landscape.

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Sources:
Source 1: Nordics, EEC Referenda in Denmark and Norway https://nordics.info/show/artikel/exp...
Source 2: Systems Change Alliance, Why Norway Refused to join the EU
https://systemschangealliance.org/why...
Source 3: Nordic Labour Journal, The Nordics and the EU http://www.nordiclabourjournal.org/i-...
Source 4: BBC, Iceland's Fishing Industry
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-en...
Source 5: Gallup: Largest Portion of Icelanders Favour Joining the European Union
https://grapevine.is/news/2022/03/10/...
Source 6: Webwire, Credit Suisse Europe Barometer
https://www.webwire.com/ViewPressRel....
Source 7: Wikipedia, Switzerland - European Union Relations https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Switzer...
Source 8: Swissinfo, Why Switzerland doesn’t want to join the European Union https://www.swissinfo.ch/eng/business...
Source 9: Wikipedia, European Single Market
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europea...
Source 10: Youtube, the European Union Explained
   • The European Union Explained*  
Source 11: Wikipedia, EFTA https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Europea...
Source 12: EFTA, European Free Trade Association
https://www.efta.int/about-efta/europ...