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What's the difference between common over-the-counter painkillers like Advil, Tylenol, Paracetamol, Voltaren, and Aspirin? How do local anesthetics work? Why do opioids lead to withdrawal symptoms and what is neuropathic pain? I'll explain all this in today's video.

The US pain survey I mention at the beginning is this https://stacks.cdc.gov/view/cdc/107894 and the table for the European Union is here: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statist...

Data for the healthcare costs stemming from pain are from here: https://www.sip-platform.eu/press-are...

The table with the risk for cardiovascular events from NSAIDs that I show at 8 minutes is from this paper https://www.cureus.com/articles/6604-...

The data for the costs from neuropathic pain in the USA that I refer to at 11 mins 30 seconds are from here https://www.nature.com/articles/535S2a

The CDC guide for how to taper off opioids that I mention at 14 minutes is here: https://www.cdc.gov/drugoverdose/pdf/...

The Cannabis meta study that I mention at 14 minutes 50 seconds is this: https://research.monash.edu/en/public...

The report about the construction worker with the nail in his boot is from here: https://www.bmj.com/content/310/6971/70

The paper about the effects of pain on the endocrine system that I mention at 17 mins is this: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/arti...

And the paper about the possible link between chronic pain and tinnitus is here: https://journals.plos.org/plosone/art...

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Many thanks to Jordi Busqué for helping with this video http://jordibusque.com/

0:00 Intro
0:23 What is pain?
2:31 Local anesthetics
3:53 NSAIDs (ibuprofen, aspirin)
8:49 Acetaminophen (paracetamol, tylenol)
10:54 Neuropathic pain
11:41 Opioids
14:29 Cannabis
15:00 Somatic (de)amplification
16:37 Chronic pain
18:25 Unboxing for MEL Science
20:30 Tim's pun