The Graveyard of Empires. The rugged and resilient nature of the Afghans was on full display when the Soviet Union invaded the country in 1979. The subsequent resistance shown by the Afghan Mujahideen captivated the imagination of the world. Stretching the Soviet military machine to its limits, the consequences of the war would prove instrumental in shaping geopolitics for the next few decades. In this feature-length documentary, I’ll trace the causes of the war; going as far back as the modernising initiatives of the 1950s. In the process, we’ll be able to understand important questions, such as - how did this conservative and staunchly Islamic society come to be governed by an atheistic-inclined ideology like communism in 1978? And how did an irregular group of guerrilla warriors like the Mujahideen contend with a military superpower like the Soviet Union?

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Sources:
Jason Burke - Al-Qaeda The True Story of Radical Islam
Mohammed Hassan Kakar - The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982
Steve Coll - Ghost Wars
Tom Carew - Jihad!: The Secret War in Afghanistan
Mohammad Yousaf & Mark Adkin - Afghanistan, The Bear Trap
Rodric Braithwaite - Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979-89

0:00 Intro
1:59 Post-WWII Political Modernisation
9:38 Communist Takeover
16:24 Invasion & Early Years
24:00 Foreign Assistance to the Mujahideen
30:54 Mujahideen Leadership
34:42 Conclusion & Aftermath